KEATER HUANG, ET AL., PLAINTIFF-APPELLANTS, VS. ASSOCIATED REALTY DEVELOPMENT CO., INC., DEFENDANT-APPELLEE.

The plaintiffs Keater Huang, et al., on February 2, 1966, filed an “amended
bill of costs” in civil case 24091 of Branch III of the Court of First Instance
of Manila, praying therein that the same be assessed and taxed as costs against
the defendant Associated Realty Development Co., Inc., and that an alias writ of execution be issued for
the satisfaction thereof. The Clerk of said court, on March 23, 1966, issued a
“taxation of costs”, but because this did not include the sum of P206.85,
representing the premium on an attachment bond paid to the Associated Ins. &
Surety Co., Inc., the plaintiffs appealed to the Judge of said Branch III of the
Court of First Instance, contending that the sum in question should have been
allowed as part of the costs. In his order of May
30, 1960
the Judge sustained the position taken by the Clerk of Court.

From that order, the plaintiffs
have appealed to this Court after their motion for reconsideration thereof was
denied.

The counsel for the defendant, on
September 20,
1966,
moved to dismiss the appeal on the ground that the order in question is not
appealable, citing section 1-(i) of Rule 50, in relation to section 1 of Rule 56, Revised
Rules of Court.

The order appealed from reads as
follows:

“It appearing
that from the taxation of the costs.dated
March 23,
1966 made by the Clerk of Court, the
docket fee paid by the plaintiff covered by Official Receipt
No. A-5070202
in the sum of P24.00 with the Supreme Court has not been included and since such
kind of fee is allowed as costs under Sec. 11 (c), Rule 42 of the Rules of
Court, said docket fee is hereby ordered included in the taxation of costs and
to that effect, the taxation of costs made by the Clerk should be amended so
that the grand total thereof shall be P243.00. The premium in the attachment bond and appeal bond paid
by the plaintiffs are not allowed as costs and hence the Court denies the same.”
(underlining ours.)

It is our view that the motion to
dismiss the appeal may not be sustained on the ground invoked by the appellee. The quoted order is not interlocutory because it
definitely ruled as not allowable costs the sum paid by the appellants as
premium on the attachment bond. There is nothing more that needs to be done with
the claim in the lower court. The order puts an end to the litigation, and, in
the absence of a timely appeal, may be executed in the ordinary course of law. We therefore hold that the order of
May 30,
1966 is
appealable.

The issue proposed to be taken up
on appeal is, whether the amount paid as premium on the attachment bond in
connection with civil case 24091 is taxable as costs. We hold the contrary,
because under the clear provisions of section 10 of Rule 142, Revised Rules of
Court (sec. 10 of Rule 131, old Rules of Court, which is a reproduction of sec.
492 of the Code of Civil Procedure), it is unmistakably not one of the
enumerated items that may be recovered as costs by a prevailing party against a
losing party in an action or proceeding in the Court of First Instance. We
hereunder quote section 10 of Rule 142:

“Costs in Courts of First Instance.– In
an action or proceeding pending in a Court of First Instance, the prevailing party may recover the following
costs, and no other:

(a) For the complaint or answer,
fifteen pesos;

(b) For his own attendance, and
that of his attorney, down to and including final judgment, twenty pesos;

(c) For each witness necessarily
produced by him, for each day’s necessary attendance of such witness at the
trial, two pesos, and his lawful traveling fees;

(d) For each deposition lawfully
taken by him, and produced in evidence, five pesos;

(e) For original documents,
deeds, or papers of any kind produced by him, nothing;

(f) For official copies of such
documents, deeds, or papers, the lawful fees necessarily) paid for obtaining
such copies;

(g) The lawful fees paid by him
in entering and docketing the action or recording the proceedings, for the
service of any-process in action, and all lawful clerk’s fees paid by
him,”(underscoring ours)

Hunter, Kerr & Co. vs.
Murray, 48 Phil. 499, 505, cited by the appellants in their opposition to the
motion to dismiss, is completely irrelevant in this case. The pertinent portion
of the decision reads as follows:

“As to the costs and legal
expenses entitled to preference under section 79 of Act No. 1956, section 492 of
the Code of Civil Procedure enumerates the lawful costs which may be recovered,
and section 79 of Act No. 1956 aforecited authorizes the payment of lawful expenses, among
which the premium paid upon the bond, which the law requires before an
attachment bond may be issued, may very well be included. The only
costs and lawful expenses, therefore, to which the appellant is entitled in the
Court of First Instance of Manila are: x x x; For the premium upon the bond,
P211.06; x x x.” (underscoring ours)

Hunter, Kerr & Co. vs. Murray
was an insolvency proceeding, and it was by express mandate of section 791 Act
1956, otherwise known as “The Insolvency Law”, that this Court considered the
premium paid on the attachment bond as one which may well be included as part of
costs. Thus, section 79 provides:

“When an attachment has been made
and is not dissolved before the commencement of proceedings in insolvency, or is
dissolved by an undertaking given by the defendant, if the claim upon which the
attachment suit was commenced is proved against the estate of the debtor, the
plaintiff may prove the legal costs and disbursements of the suit, and of the
keeping of the property, and the amount thereof shall be a preferred debt.”

The premium paid on the
attachment bond in the present case sought to be included as part of costs arose
from civil case 24091 which is not an insolvency proceeding; for this reason
section 79, Act 1956, may not be invoked as authority for its recovery. All,
therefore, that the appellants may recover as costs are only those allowed by
section 10 of Rule 142 of the Rules of Court, and no more; no exercise in mental
dexterity can read into the ambit of the said section the sum paid as premium on
the attachment bond.

This appeal should, therefore, be
dismissed outright on the ground that it is manifestly and palpably frivolous
and completely devoid of merit. On the face of the record on appeal before us as
well as the pleadings filed by both parties, there is absolutely no prospect
“that the order in question will be reversed or even modified, in view of the
unequivocal provisions of section 10 of Rule 142 of the Rules of Court governing
costs which the prevailing party may recover in the Court of First Instance.
Permitting this appeal to continue is purposeless; it can only result in a
needless waste of time and effort and useless expense on the part of the parties
and of this Court.

On at least three previous
occasions, this Court summarily dismissed the appeal on the self-same ground:
that the appeal was manifestly frivolous and completely devoid of merit. Thus:

“x x
x Although, as a general rule, an appeal should not be
dismissed on a ground which goes to the merits of the cause or to the right of
plaintiff or defendant to recover, yet, in exceptional instances, an appellate
court may order the dismissal when the appeal appears to be manifestly and
palpably frivolous. And where, as in the instant case, the dismissal has been
ordered by the trial court, it will not be disturbed in the appellate court if
the latter finds the appeal to have been interposed ostensibly for delay.
It has been held that a frivolous appeal
is one presenting no justiciable question, or one so
readily recognizable as devoid of merit on the face of the record that there is
little, if any, prospect that it can ever succeed. The instant case
is one such instance in which the appeal is evidently without merit, taken
manifestly for delay.” (De la Cruz, et al. vs. Blanco, et al., 73 Phil. 596)
(underscoring ours)

In refusing to approve the record
on appeal, the respondent Judge seems to have labored under the impression that
the appellant and herein petitioner was appealing from the court’s decision of
September 12, 1947, this, judging from the ground or reason given for the
refusal, namely, that the record on appeal was filed beyond the reglementary period. But in reality the appeal was being
taken from the order of January 8,
1948,
denying the petition to set aside the decision of September 12, 1947 , a petition presumably based on
section 2, Rule 38 of the Rules of Court. That order of denial was, of course,
proper and complete, the respondent Judge was bound to approve it and he may be
compelled to do so by a writ of mandamus. So, strictly and legally speaking, the
present petition for mandamus may be granted. However, before acting upon the
petition, we may inquire into the facts
involved in order to determine whether once the writ of mandamus is granted and
the case is brought up here on appeal, the appellant has any chance, even
possibility of having the basic decision of the trial court of September 12,
1947, set aside or modified; for if the appellant has not that prospect or
likelihood, then the granting of this writ of mandamus and the consequent appeal
would be futile and would mean only a waste of time to the parties and to this
Court. This inquiry can easily be made from a copy of the record on
appeal now before us as well as the pleadings filed by both parties.” (Paner vs. Yatco, 87 Phil. 271,
274.) (underscoring ours)

And in
Manila Railroad
Company vs. Ballesteros, et al., G.R.
No. L-19161,
April 29, 1966, this Court, citing De la Cruz vs. Blanco and Quevedo, supra,
and Paner vs. Yatco,
supra, denied a petition for
mandamus to set aside an order dismissing an appeal and to order the respondent
court to give due course to said appeal, after having found that the issues to
be taken up in the intended appeal are no longer justiciable questions which would justify the issuance of
the peremptory writ, for there was no possible doubt pursuant to the provisions
of law therein involved, that the plaintiffs in that case (respondents in the
petition for mandamus) were
entitled to the judgment rendered in their favor which was the subject of the
intended appeal.

The issues proposed to be taken
up on appeal, as set forth in the petition, are whether or not Dionisio Abello acted with
reckless negligence while driving petitioner’s bus at the time of the accident,
and whether or not petitioner may be held liable on account of such negligence,
considering that he was not its employee. These are no longer justiciable questions which would justify our issuing the
peremptory writ prayed for. The first is a question of fact on which the
affirmative finding of respondent court is not reviewable by Us; and the second is
one as to which there can be no possible doubt in view of the provisions of the
Civil Code and of the Motor Vehicle Law hereinbefore cited. There would be no
point in giving the appeal due course.”

ACCORDINGLY, the instant appeal is hereby
dismissed, with treble costs against the plaintiffs-appellants.

Concepcion, C.J.,
Reyes, J. B. L., Dizon, Regala, Makalintal, Bengzon, J. P., Zaldivar
and Sanchez, JJ., concur.

Barrera, J., on leave.