SPOUSES TEOFILA AND GREGORIO MAGALLON, COMPLAINANTS,  VS. JUDGE ANTONIO F. PARAGUYA, MTCC, BRANCH 6, CEBU CITY, RESPONDENT.

In a Sworn Letter-Complaint dated June 27, 1997,^[1]
Spouses Gregorio and Teofila Magallon charged Antonio F. Paraguya, Presiding
Judge of Branch 6 of the Municipal Trial Court in Cities, Cebu City, with Gross
Ignorance of the Law, Gross Negligence and Incompetence relative to Civil Case
No. R-32522.

Complainants alleged that on October 1, 1993, they filed with
respondent’s court a complaint for ejectment^[2]
against Spouses Felix and Francisca Teofilo and Avelina Pañares. On November
17, 1993, said defendants moved to dismiss the complaint on the ground of lack
of jurisdiction, but the same was denied by respondent judge for being a
prohibited pleading under the Revised Rule on Summary Procedure.^[3]
Defendants filed a motion for reconsideration of the order of denial of the
motion to dismiss. Respondent judge denied the motion for reconsideration on
the ground that the same was likewise a prohibited pleading under the Revised
Rule on Summary procedure.^[4]
Thereafter, the parties submitted their position papers. The case was decided
only in 1997. A complaint was filed against respondent judge for taking four
years to dispose of a simple ejectment case.

In the meantime, Judge Antonio F. Paraguya compulsorily retired
from the service in September 1998. In his letter dated March 23, 1999, he
requested for the release of his retirement benefits subject to the retention
of the amount of P20,000.00 to answer for whatever liability may be imposed on
him in the administrative case filed against him.

The complaint against Judge Paraguya was referred to the Legal
Office of the Court Administrator for investigation, report and recommendation.
On May 11, 1999, the Court Administrator recommended that respondent be fined
in the amount of P50,000.00, the same to be deducted from his retirement
benefits for his failure to decide the complaint for ejectment within thirty
(30) days from the receipt of the last affidavits and position papers, pursuant
to Rule 2, Section 10 of the Revised Rule on Summary Procedure.

In his comment, respondent judge invoked good faith and sincerely
apologized for gross infractions of the law. He alleged that it was very taxing
for a newcomer like him who had barely assumed office on August 9, 1993 to pore
over the voluminous records of all the cases including the instant case filed
on October 1, 1993; that complainants were assisted by a top-caliber lawyer
while the defendants pleaded a good defense; that the instant case got buried
and lost when hundreds of cases were unloaded by the Regional Trial Court upon
the expansion of jurisdiction of municipal courts; that there were only eight
(8) branches of MTCC in Cebu City, 3 of which were vacant at that time; and
that each branch of MTCC-Cebu City received an average of 60 cases raffled per
week.

Respondent’s arguments are specious. He is guilty of tardiness in
resolving Civil Case No. R-32522 for more than two years from the submission of
the last position papers on February 28, 1995. To reiterate, the Revised Rule
on Summary Procedure requires that judgment in ejectment cases be rendered
within 30 days after receipt of the last affidavits and position papers, or the
expiration of the period for filing the same. The Summary Rule was enacted to
achieve an expeditious and inexpensive determination of cases.^[5]
Failure to resolve cases submitted for decision within the period fixed by law
constitutes a serious violation of the constitutional right of the parties to a
speedy disposition of their cases.^[6]

Rule 1.02 of Canon 1 and Rule 3.05 of Canon 3 of the Code of
Judicial Conduct explicitly provide:

Rule 1.02. – A judge should administer justice impartially and
without delay.

Rule 3.05. – A judge
shall dispose of the court’s business promptly and decide cases within the
required periods.

This Court in a litany of cases has reminded members of the bench
that the unreasonable delay of a judge in resolving a pending incident is a
violation of the norms of judicial conduct and constitutes a ground for
administrative sanction against the defaulting magistrate.^[7] Delay
in the disposition of cases erodes the faith and confidence of our people in
the judiciary, lowers its standards and brings it into disrepute.^[8]
Hence, magistrates are enjoined to decide cases with dispatch. Their failure to
do so constitutes gross inefficiency.^[9]

Judges are called upon to observe utmost diligence and dedication
in the performance of their judicial functions and duties,^[10]
To reiterate, judges are bound to dispose of the court’s business promptly and
to decide cases within the required period.^[11] If
he can not do so, he should seek extensions from this Court to avoid
administrative liability.^[12] More
importantly, in Ruperto v. Banquerigo, we
stated:^[13]

The office of a judge exists for one solemn end – to promote the
ends of justice by administering it speedily and impartially. The judge as the
person presiding over that court is the visible representation of the law and
justice. These are self-evident dogmas which do not even have to be emphasized,
but to which we are wont to advert to when some members of the judiciary commit
legal missteps or stray from the axioms of judicial ethics.

While the Court agrees with the Court Administrator that
respondent judge should be fined for his failure to resolve the ejectment case
within the thirty-day period set in the Revised Rule on Summary Procedure, we
find that the amount of P50,000.00 is excessive in relation to the gravity of
the offense. In a recent case,^[14] we
imposed a fine of P5,000.00 against a judge for failure to resolve an election
case within the prescribed period. Hence, the reduced amount of Five Thousand
Pesos (P5,000.00) is reasonable taking into account the attendant circumstances
of the instant case.

WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing, respondent judge is
found GUILTY of incompetence in not acting speedily on Civil Case No. R-32522.
He is ORDERED to pay a fine in the amount of Five Thousand Pesos (P5,000.00),
to be deducted from his retirement benefits.

SO ORDERED.

Vitug, Carpio, and Azcuna, JJ., concur.

Davide, Jr., C.J., (Chairman), on official leave.

^[1]
Rollo, pp. 1-2.

^[2]
Annex “A” to the Sworn Letter Complaint.

^[3]
Annex “C” to the Sworn Letter Complaint.

^[4]
Annex “E” to the Sworn Letter Complaint.

^[5]
Rule on summary Procedure, Sec. 17; Raboca v.
Pantanosas, Jr., 245 SCRA 293, 295 [1995]; Cruz v. Pascual, 244 SCRA 111, 114 [1995].

^[6]
Report on the Judicial Audit
Conducted in Branch 34, Regional Trial Court of Iriga City, 324 SCRA 397,
401 [2000].

^[7]
Dysico v. Dacumos, 262 SCRA 275
[1996]; Re: Report on the Audit and Inventory of Cases in RTC, Branch 55,
Alaminos, Pangasinan, 262 SCRA 555 [1996]; Re: Report on the Judicial Audit
Conducted in the Regional Trial Court, Branches 61, 134 and 147, Makati, Metro
Manila, 248 SCRA 5 [1995]; Re: Query of Judge Danilo M. Tenerife, 255 SCRA 184
[1996]; Re: Report on the Judicial Audit and Physical Inventory of the Records
of Cases in MTCC, Br. 2, Batangas City, 248 SCRA 36 [1995]; Bentulan v. Dumatol, 233 SCRA 168 [1994]; Re:
Letter of Mr. Octavio Kalalo, 231 SCRA 403 [1993]; Longboan v. Polig, 186 SCRA 556 [1990].

^[8]
Abarquez v. Rebosura, 285 SCRA 109
[1998]; Ng v. Ulibari, 293 SCRA 342 [1998]; Guintu v. Lucero, 261 SCRA 1 [1996]; Report on the Audit and Inventory of
Cases in the RTC, Branch 11, Balayan, Batangas, 234 SCRA 502 [1994].

^[9]
Sanchez v. Vestil, 298 SCRA 1 [1998]; Grefaldeo v. Judge Lacson, 293 SCRA 524 [1998].

^[10]
Re: Report on the Judicial Audit Conducted in the Municipal Circuit Trial
Court, Dingle-Duenas, Iloilo 280 SCRA 637 [1997].

^[11]
Rule 3.05, Canon 3, Code of Judicial Conduct.

^[12]
Sena v. Villarin, A.M. No. 00-1258-MTJ, 22 March 2000.

^[13]
293 SCRA 704 [1998].

^[14]
Ang v.
Judge Asis, A.M. No. RTJ-00-1590 15 January 2002.