COMMUNITY SAWMILL COMPANY, PETITIONER, VS. COURT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, AND COMMUNITY EFFORT LABOR UNION, RESPONDENTS.

This is a petition for certiorari to review an order of
the Court of Industrial Relations, denying a motion for the reopening of a case
wherein petitioner company as respondent was required to pay the total amount
of P128,920.50 by way of back wages.^[1]
Petitioner would seek a reduction of its liability for such payment on the
ground that its responsibility to pay compensation ought to have ceased as far
back as November 30, 1957, when it closed shop. 
If indeed there was such an arbitrary disregard of such a fact, then
there is plausibility to its contention that the assailed order could be
stigmatized as a denial of due process. 
Its own printed petition for certiorari, containing the order
sought to be set, does not justify such a claim.  After referring to such motion by present
petitioner, as respondent,^[2]
to reopen the proceedings and to allow the introduction of evidence seek­ing to
reduce its liability and after setting forth that complainant labor union, now
respondent, formally opposed such pleading, its opposition coming after two years,
the order continues:  “The parties
adduced their respective evidence. 
Record reveals that respondents, through counsel, received a copy of the
Court Examiner’s Report on November
21, 1961.  The Report clearly
indicated that ‘[par.] 3.  The total
amount of back wages of the claimants in this case from the time they were
dismissed up to November 11, 1961 is P128.920.50 * * *.’ Record likewise shows
that on November 18, 1961, counsel for respondent company and its manager were
furnished copies of complainant’s ‘Motion to Deposit & Execution’ which ‘*
* * prayed that this Honorable Court order the Respondents to deposit the sum
of P128,920.50 as computed by the examiner of this Court.’ But, as found in the
Order of December 8, 1961,
directing that the amount be deposited in Court,’ * * * respondents has not as yet filed any opposition thereto.’
Record further shows that counsel for respondent company or sawmill received a
copy of this Order on December 13,
1961.  Considering that the
Motion to Re-open was filed only on December
28, 1961, or more than ten (10) days after receipt of the Order of December 8, 1961, there is no doubt
that the same was filed after the Order had long become final and executory.  These
facts show that the motion has no basis.”^[3]
The care taken by the labor tribunal to take into consideration the equitable
aspects of this controversy is manifest in this portion of the opinion of the
then Judge Ansberto Paredes:  “If, as contended, respondent company
had ceased operation on November 30, 1957, the back wages should end up to that
date and no more.  This must be so, if
such contention were true, for even if the workers concerned were not separated
from work they could not have worked after November 30, 1957, because of the alleged stoppage of
operation.  To give them back wages
thereafter would be to place them in a position better than that of being
dismissed.”^[4]

Judge Paredes made quite apparent why
the effort of petitioner should come to naught. 
Thus:  “Even as the Motion to
Re-open, which is verified, admits that a copy of the Order approving the
Examiner’s Report and directing the deposit of P128,920.50 with the Court, was
received on December 13, 1961, the same motion attempts to justify its
belatedness by alleging, among others, that ‘* * * Lee Koc,
the respondent’s former Manager, came to the undersigned’s office after many
weeks of absence * * *.’ What an unnerving (sic) reason that would set
aside the legal rule and consequence that notice to counsel is notice to
client.  Counsel for respondent Community
Sawmill had been put on notice respecting the period covered by the back wages
since he received on November 21,
1961, a copy of the Court Examiner’s Report.  It was his
duty to inform his client about the Report.  From the affidavit of Lee Koc
attached to the Motion to Re-open as well as his testimony, counsel for
respondent sawmill could have easily contacted Lee Koc
because the latter admitted having resided in the compound of respondent
sawmill even during the time the operation of the sawmill allegedly had ceased
(pages 24 to 25, t.s.n. of February 16, 1964).  But this is not all.  Respondent company claims that since it
ceased operation on November 30, 1957,
it did not operate anymore because it leased the sawmill and other machineries
to the Mindoro Eastern Sawmill.  The evidence (Exhibits ‘5’, ‘5-A’ and ‘5-B’)
show, however, that it had some activities in 1959, when trips were made to Calapan, Mindoro, on (to quote
the document themselves) ‘a/c of Community Saw Mill Co.’ The authority for the
trips and payment thereof was under the signature of Lee Koc,
the same person on the strength of whose affidavit, among others, the Motion to
Re-open was filed.  It is likewise shown
by Exhibit ‘6’ that ‘manager’ Lee Koc himself had
something to do with the business of Mindoro Eastern
Saw Mill.  It is a fact established by
this evidence that he (Lee Koc) received from Luis Infantado the sum of P2,160.00 ‘* * * for services rendered
by the Company’s tractor for hauling 540 Cu. M. of logs * * *.’ And this
receipt was issued under the heading ‘Mindoro
Eastern Saw Mill’.  Lee Koc had attempted to explain away the adverse effect of
this document.  But the truth remains
that while the receipt signed by him nominally that of the Mindoro
Eastern Saw Mill, actually it was for respondent Community Saw Mill Co.  Again it is established by movant-company’s own evidence (Exhibit ‘E-Resp.’) which is the Sawmill Permit, No. 88-59 for the
fiscal year ending June 1959, dated July 9, 1958, that the Mindoro
Eastern Sawmill ‘* * * is the former Community Sawmill Co., Ltd., * * *.’ This
is one of the documents brought to Court by the Chief of the Sawmill Section,
Sawmills and Licenses Division of the Bureau of Forestry, at the hearing on November 19, 1963.  Testifying on this document and other
documents brought to court by virtue of a subpoena duces
tecum, the Chief of the Sawmill Section (when asked
whether, after the sawmill permit for July 1, 1957 up to June 30, 1958 was
issued in favor of respondent Community Saw Mill Co., another permit was issued
the same respondent) declared that ‘* * * this Community Sawmill Company is now
the Mindoro Eastern Sawmill, according to the
record.’ (page 17, t.s.n., of November 19, 1963).  Hastening to explain his statement, he declared
that what ‘* * * I mean the Mindoro Sawmill is a
successor only to the Community Sawmill.’ (page 25, t.s.n.
of November 19, 1963).  Be that as it may, the fact remains that in
the Sawmill Permit No. 138-‘ 60 issued in favor of Mindoro
Eastern Sawmill (Exh. ‘F’), being one of the
documents brought to court by the said Section Chief, Lee Koc,
signing for Mindoro Eastern Sawmill, stated that
‘This is to certify that I am willing to pay any increase sawmill permit fee
due to increase capacity of my sawmill after the District Forester, Calapan, Oriental Mindoro
inspected my sawmill.’ With this statement and the other facts herein
analyzed, the Court is morally certain that respondent Community Sawmill Co.,
Ltd. is not at all entitled to the beneficent effects of equity.”^[5]

It is thus apparent why this petition should be dismissed for
lack of merit.

1. Even a cursory perusal of the order of Judge Paredes,
affirmed in a resolution by the Court of Industrial Relations en banc
on February 16, 1965, did indicate that the imputation of arbitrariness,
allegedly consisting of imposing a liability for back wages on petitioner even
after it had ceased business operation is devoid of support in the
evidence.  It cannot be denied that
painstaking care was taken by the then Judge Paredes
to appraise the competent and credible evidence of record.  Under the circumstances, it did require a
certain degree of temerity on the part of petitioner to raise an issue that it
ought to have known would be disproved by the very actuation of its
officials.  It was indicative of the
stubbornness on its part to refuse compliance with what the law requires.  Such being the case, the allegation of
blatant disregard of the proof submitted as to petitioner having ceased to do
business as of November 30, 1957
clearly lacks foundation.  No due process
question arose.

2. The facts as found were set forth with clarity.  Their conformity to what did transpire is quite
evident.  For petitioner to expect that
this Court could rule otherwise is entirely unwarranted.  That would constitute a marked departure from
authoritative precedents.  Nothing is
better settled than that finding of facts, if supported by substantial evidence,
of the Court of Industrial Relations are accorded full respect by this Tribunal.  That has been the norm since Pambusco Employees’ Union v. Court
of Industrial Relations,^[6]
a 1939 decision with Justice Laurel as ponente.  In Philippine Educational Institution v.
MLQSEA Faculty Association,^[7]
a 1968 decision, the opinion cited twenty-seven cases after Pambusco,
starting from Manila Electric Co. v. National Labor Union^[8]
to Laguna College
v. Court of Industrial Relations.^[9]
Thereafter, this Court had occasion to reiterate such a doctrine, the latest
citation appearing in Dairy Queen Products Co. v. Court of Industrial
Relations.^[10]

WHEREFORE, the petition is dismissed for lack of
merit.  The assailed order denying the
motion to reopen the case as well as the en banc resolution of
the then Court of Industrial Relations denying a motion for reconsideration
stand affirmed.  The enforcement of such
order, in accordance with the present Labor Code, is entrusted to the National
Labor Relations Commission.  This
decision is immediately executory.  Costs against petitioner.

Barredo, Antonio, Aquino,
Concepcion, Jr., and
Santos, JJ., concur.

Abad Santos, J., is on official leave.

^[1]
Petition, Annex A, 19.

^[2]
Case No.  1176-ULP of the Court of
Industrial Relations.

^[3]
Petition, Annex A, 19-20.

^[4]
Ibid.

^[5]
Ibid, 20-23.

^[6]
68 Phil. 591 (1939).

^[7]
L-24019, November 29, 1968, 26 SCRA 272.

^[8]
70 Phil. 617 (1940).

^[9]
L-28927, September 25, 1968, 25 SCRA 167.

^[10]
L-35009, August 31, 1977,
78 SCRA 439.  Cf. G. Liner v.
National Labor Union, L-24963, Nov. 29, 1968, 26 SCRA 282; National Waterworks
and Sewerage Autho­rity v. NWSA Consolidated Union, L-26894­-96, Feb.
28, 1969, 27 SCRA 227; Sanchez v. Court of Industrial Relations,
L-26932, March 28, 1969, 27 SCRA 490; Alhambra Industries, Inc. v. Court
of Industrial Relations, L-22219, Aug. 28, 1969, 29 SCRA 138; De Leon v.
Pampanga Sugar Development, L-26844, Sept. 30, 1969,
29 SCRA 628; Gonzales v. Victory Labor Union, L-23256, Oct. 31, 1969, 30
SCRA 47; Lakas ng Manggagawang Makabayan v.
Court of Industrial Relations, L-32178, Dec. 28, 1970, 36 SCRA 600; Philippine
Engineering Corp. v. Court of Industrial Relations, L-27880, Sept. 30,
1971, 41 SCRA 89; Cruz v. Philippine Association of Free Labor Unions,
L-26519, Oct. 29, 1971, 42 SCRA 68; Mercury Drug Co. v. Court of
Industrial Relations, L-23357, April 30, 1974, 56 SCRA 694; Philippine Rock
Products v. Philippine Association of Free Labor Unions, L-32829, Aug.
30, 1974, 58 SCRA 730; Gonzalo Puyat and Sons v.
Labayo, L-32480, Feb. 25, 1975, 62 SCRA 488; Adame v. Court of Industrial Relations, L-33221,
April 28, 1975, 63 SCRA 469.